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Conversion of Typical Program Structures Chapter 4
It reads and evaluates an expression string that is stored in a data block. It has
a limitation compared with Logix CPT - the expression is written in reverse
Polish notation, which will not suit everyone.
The main problems with writing a function block such as this are that it takes
time and is not for beginning programmers. With Logix, the CPT instruction is
available for everyone to use as soon as RSLogix 5000 software is installed.
Type Checking
With both STEP 7 and Logix, parameters to Functions, Function Blocks,
Instructions and Add-On Instructions are strictly type-checked by their
compilers.
There are differences with mathematical expressions.
Logix distinguishes between Numeric and Boolean values. The compiler will
reject expressions that illogically mix numeric and boolean values. When it
encounters expressions of mixed numeric type, it will make conversions to
produce a result of the type of the declared result variable. Hence it will
interpret * as integer multiplication if the result is to be an integer and as real
multiplication if the result is to be a real.
In STEP 7 the type of arithmetic operations must be specified. There are for
example *I (multiply two 16 bit integers) *D (multiply two 32 bit integer) and
*R (multiply two reals). It is up to the programmer to ensure that the two
numbers that are the operands of a *R instruction are reals. If they are not, the
compiler will not complain but the result will be nonsense.
Conclusion
The Logix methods of programming mathematical expressions are clearer, and
by separating math code from other logic, will simplify testing and validation.
- Simatic S7 to Logix5000 1
- Application Conversion Guide 1
- Important User Information 2
- Table of Contents 3
- Chapter 3 4
- Conversion versus 7
- Translation 7
- Terminology 8
- Additional Resources 8
- PLC Logic Conversion 9
- Services Provided by 9
- Service Benefits 10
- Services Offered 10
- Basic Conversion Package 10
- Additional Options 11
- Preface 12
- Hardware Conversion 13
- I/O Systems 14
- Logix Local I/O 16
- S7 Remote I/O 20
- Logix Distributed I/O 22
- Networks 25
- Profinet 26
- Networks in Logix 27
- Typical Ethernet/IP Example 28
- ControlNet Network 29
- DeviceNet Network 30
- Conversion of HMI 31
- Conversion of Systems 32
- Containing Distributed 32
- Process Control 33
- Connecting Siemens and 34
- S7 Organization Blocks 36
- Compared to Logix Tasks 36
- OB1 Program Cycle 37
- OB30 – OB38 Cyclic Interrupts 38
- Program Structure in STEP 7 40
- Tasks in Logix 41
- Periodic Tasks 42
- Scheduling of Periodic Tasks 43
- Event Tasks 45
- Task Monitor 46
- Tags Not Addresses 47
- Bit Memory 48
- Data Blocks 49
- Data in Logix 50
- I/O and Alias Tags 51
- Programming Languages 53
- Logix Ladder Diagram 54
- Logix Structured Text 54
- Logix Function Block Diagram 55
- Arrays not Pointers 56
- Add-On Instructions 57
- The Common Industrial 58
- Protocol (CIP) 58
- Viewing the Network 59
- Data Exchange 60
- User-Defined Data Types 61
- Asynchronous I/O Updating 62
- The DINT Data Type 62
- Phase Manager 63
- Coordinated System Time 65
- Timestamped Inputs 65
- Scheduled Outputs 65
- No Temporary Variables 66
- No Accumulators or 66
- Special Registers needed 66
- Logix System Functions 68
- Date and Time Setting and 69
- Read System Time 69
- Handling of Interrupts 70
- Status – Controller 71
- Status – Module 71
- Status – for OBs and Tasks 72
- Conversion Routines 73
- String Handling Routines 73
- Examples of System 74
- Function Calls 74
- Disabling Interrupts 76
- Get Faults 79
- Module Information 80
- Get Scan Time 81
- Conversion Code Examples 83
- Set and Reset 84
- Test for Greater Than 85
- On Timer Delay 86
- Call to User Function 87
- Boolean Network 88
- The Logix LD Editor 89
- Jumps and Decision Making 90
- STEP 7 - Jump List 91
- Logix - Ladder Logic 92
- STEP 7 Array Creation 94
- Logix Array Creation 94
- Array Declaration Syntax 94
- Array Access in STEP 7 95
- User Data Types 99
- Pointers and Arrays 102
- State Machine 103
- STEP 7 State Machine 104
- String Definition in Logix 108
- String Definition in STEP 7 108
- STEP 7 Temporary Variables 110
- Functions 110
- Example - a Ramp Function 111
- Block Copy, COP and CPS 114
- Mathematical Expressions 116
- STEP 7 - LAD 117
- Logix - ST 118
- Logix - LD 118
- STEP 7 - User Function 118
- Type Checking 119
- Conclusion 119
- Other Topics Related to 120
- Programming 120
- A Larger Example - Control 121
- User Data Type Valve 122
- The Add-On Instruction 123
- Add-On Instruction Local Data 124
- Add-On Instruction Logic 125
- UDT Valve is also present) 126
- Introduction 129
- Not Selecting 129
- Appropriate Hardware 129
- Implementation of Incorrect 131
- Data Types – DINT 131
- User Code Emulating 132
- Existing Instructions 132
- S7 to Logix Glossary 135
- Software Terminology 136
- Appendix 139
- Compact S7 300 CPUs 140
- Standard S7 300 CPUs 140
- Technology S7 300 CPUs 141
- Fail-Safe S7 300 CPUs 142
- S7 300 Digital Input 142
- S7 300 Digital Output 143
- S7 300 Analog Output 145
- S7 300 Analog Combo 146
- S7 400 Standard Controllers 146
- Redundant and Fail Safe 147
- Controllers 147
- Digital Input Modules 147
- Digital Output Modules 147
- Analog Input Modules 148
- Analog Output Modules 148
- SIMATIC Micro Panels and 149
- Rockwell Automation 149
- Equivalents 149
- SIMATIC Panels - 7x Series 151
- SIMATIC Panels - 17x 152
- Series and Rockwell 152
- Automation Equivalents 152
- SIMATIC Panels - 27x 155
- SIMATIC Multi Panels - 27x 157
- SIMATIC Multi Panels - 37x 159
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