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PROFIBUS networks
1.2 Basics of the PROFIBUS network
PROFIBUS Network Manual
20 System Manual, Edition 04/2009, C79000-G8976-C124-03
The attachment of the node to the bus is via a bus terminal with a spur line or a bus
connector (maximum 32 nodes per segment). The individual segments are connected via
repeaters.
The maximum length of a segment depends on the following:
● The transmission speed
● The type of cable being used
Benefits:
● Flexible bus or tree structure with repeaters, bus terminals, and bus connectors for
attaching PROFIBUS nodes
● Purely passive forwarding of signals allows nodes to be deactivated without affecting the
network (except for the nodes that supply power to the terminating resistors)
● Simple installation of the bus cable without specialized experience.
Restrictions:
● Distance covered reduces as the transmission rate increases
● Requires additional lightning protection measures when installed outdoors
Properties of the RS485 transmission technique
The RS485 transmission technique in PROFIBUS has the following physical characteristics:
Physical characteristics of the RS485 transmission technique
Network topology: Bus, tree structure with the use of repeaters
Medium: Shielded, twisted-pair cable
Achievable segment lengths:
(depending on the cable type
see
Segments for transmission
speeds up to a maximum of 500 kbps
(Page
42))
1,000 m
For transmission speeds up to 187.5 kbps
400 m
For transmission speed up to 500 kbps
200 m
For a transmission speed of 1.5 Mbps
100 m
For transmission speeds 3, 6 and 12 Mbps
Number of repeaters connected in
series:
Max. 9
Number of nodes: Maximum 32 on one bus segment
Maximum 127 per network when using repeaters
Transmission rates: 9.6 kbps, 19.2 kbps, 45.45 kbps, 93.75 kbps, 187.5 kbps,
500 kbps, 1.5 Mbps, 3 Mbps, 6 Mbps, 12 Mbps
- SIMATIC NET 1
- PROFIBUS Network Manual 1
- Table of contents 3
- Table of contents 5
- PROFIBUS networks 9
- Overview 11
- Standardization 12
- Industrial Ethernet 13
- IWLAN 13
- PROFINET IO 14
- PROFIBUS PA 14
- AS-Interface (AS-i) 14
- IO Link 14
- 1.2.1 Attachable systems 15
- 1.2.2 Standards 15
- 1.2.3 Access mechanism 16
- PROFIBUS networks 17
- DP protocol 18
- FMS protocol 18
- 1.2.5 Transmission mode 19
- Benefits: 20
- Restrictions: 20
- IEC 611582 standard 22
- 2.1.1 Overview 25
- Bus topology 28
- 2.2.3 Topologies with OLMs 29
- Linear bus topologies 30
- Star topologies with OLMs 31
- Optical channels 31
- Monitoring FO links 31
- Mixed structure 32
- SCALANCE W 35
- Bus and star topology 37
- SpliTConnect system 37
- Field distributors AFD/AFS 37
- Expansion 38
- Total cable length 38
- Spur line 39
- Network configuration 41
- Length of the spur lines 42
- Node attachments at 1.5 Mbps 43
- Weighting factors 43
- Network configuration 45
- RS-485 repeater 47
- 3.2.1 Overview 48
- Transmission link 49
- Transmitter 49
- Transmission media 49
- Receiver 49
- Optical power budget 50
- Power budget 51
- Glass FOC 51
- Splices 51
- System reserve 52
- Cable lengths 52
- Calculation examples 54
- 3.3 Frame transmission time 58
- Creating a system overview 59
- 3.3 Frame transmission time 60
- Checking the bus parameters 62
- Calculating the slot time 65
- Entering the bus parameters 65
- Active components 67
- Block diagram 71
- Terminating resistor on/off 72
- Segments 1 and 2 terminated 72
- Active components 73
- 6LJQDOVXQJURXQGHG 76
- 6LJQDOVJURXQGHG 76
- Order no 78
- TERMINATOR 82
- Functions 85
- 4.3.1 DP/DP coupler 88
- Parameter assignment 90
- DP/PA bus coupler 90
- 4.4.2 DP/PA coupler 91
- 4.4.3 DP/PA link 93
- Application 94
- Mode of operation 94
- 4.5.1 DP/RS232C Link 96
- Industrial Ethernet network 100
- Function 101
- Ordering data 101
- PROFIBUS 102
- AS-Interface 104
- Further information 106
- Diagnostics 106
- Configuration 106
- Area of application 107
- 4.8.3 DP/AS-i F-Link 109
- 5.1 RS-485 cables 113
- 5.1 RS-485 cables 114
- 5.1 RS-485 cables 115
- 5.2 FC standard cable GP 119
- Properties 120
- 5.7 FC ground cable 124
- 5.8 FC trailing cable 125
- 5.8 FC trailing cable 126
- Segment lengths 127
- Trailing cable 6XV1 831-2L 127
- 5.10 PROFIBUS festoon cable 129
- Installation guidelines 130
- 5.11 PROFIBUS torsion cable 131
- 6.1 The FastConnect system 137
- CONNECT 138
- Technical specifications 141
- Disconnect function 142
- Disconnecting a station 143
- Connecting up the bus cable 144
- Strain relief 145
- Insulation displacement 145
- Bus connection 149
- PROFIBUS Network Manual 150
- Connecting the bus connector 152
- Removing the bus connector 152
- A1B1A2B2 161
- Fitting the bus connector 162
- 6.5 M12 bus connector 164
- 6.5 M12 bus connector 165
- Fitting connectors 167
- Suitable cables 169
- Fitting connectors to cables 170
- Pin assignment 171
- 6.7.1 Versions available 173
- RS-485 bus terminal 174
- Terminator 174
- Additional PG interface 174
- 12M bus terminal 175
- Termination 176
- Mounting methods 177
- 6FUHHQILOP 178
- )ROGEUDLGVKLHOGEDFNRYHU 178
- RXWHUMDFNHW 178
- 6.7.5 Grounding measures 180
- Wall mounting 181
- 6.8 Cable connections 183
- 6.8 Cable connections 184
- 6.9.3 M12 connecting cable 187
- 7.1 Fiber-optic cables 189
- Optical bus cables 190
- .HYODUVWUDLQUHOLHI 195
- 7.2.3 PCF standard cable 197
- 6WUDLQUHOLHI 197
- 7.2.4 PCF standard cable GP 200
- 7.2.5 PCF trailing cable 202
- 7.2.6 PCF trailing cable GP 204
- 7.3 Glass FO cables 206
- Simple configuration 207
- Guidelines for laying cables 207
- 7.3 Glass FO cables 208
- 7.3 Glass FO cables 209
- 7.3.9 Special cables 221
- 7.4 Fiberoptic connectors 222
- Order numbers 223
- Installation instructions 223
- Fitting connectors on site 225
- Prefabricated cables 225
- PROFIBUS PA cables 227
- 8.2 SpliTConnect Tap 231
- How it works 232
- 9.1.2 Energy cable 5 x 1.5 235
- Testing PROFIBUS 243
- A.1.4 Design and properties 244
- A.1.5 Functions 244
- A.1.6 How it works 245
- Battery operation 246
- Attenuation 246
- Measuring methods 247
- How an OTDR Functions 249
- OTDR evaluation 249
- Checking 250
- Introduction 253
- Further references 253
- Bus cables within buildings 253
- Bus cables between buildings 254
- Basic protection 254
- Low-voltage protection 256
- Installing bus cables 259
- Line voltage 260
- 24 V DC supply 260
- Bus Terminal RS485 261
- Redundant bus cables 261
- Fiber-optic cables 262
- Fitting strain relief 263
- Electromagnetic immunity 263
- Grounding 264
- Definition 264
- Cable Shields 265
- Handling the shield 265
- C.6.4 Equipotential bonding 267
- Voltages and currents 268
- Telecom cables 268
- Grouping in categories 268
- Constraints 269
- Clearance table 269
- How to read the table 269
- What do I need to remember? 271
- Underground cabling 272
- C.8 Laying bus cables 273
- C.8 Laying bus cables 274
- Bending radiuses 275
- Avoid loops 275
- Installing other cables 275
- Handling instructions 278
- Preparations 279
- Table D- 20 Ordering data 317
- IP degrees of protection 319
- IEC 60529, EN 60529 319
- E.2 Installed in cabinet: 320
- Outdoor installation 321
- Clearances 321
- Standards 321
- Dimension drawings 323
- Dimension drawings 325
- SINEC L2 328
- List of abbreviations 335
- Bibliography 337
- SIMATIC DP/PA bus coupler 338
- Glossary 341
- Glossary 343
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